Forward genetics
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In the forward genetic approach for gene isolation, the gene or genes that control a trait can be identified by positional cloning, and relate a genetic position to a physical location. This involves the accurate definition of genetic position, based on measuring recombination rates between molecular markers and the phenotype. For small and fully sequenced genomes, such as Arabidopsis or rice, this is a relatively straightforward process because the physical location of the molecular markers can be readily determined, and consequently, candidate genes can be identified based on their genetic linkage to the target trait. (Langridge 2010)
